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        <title>WXPR Field Notes</title>
        <description><![CDATA[On the second Tuesday of every month, we hear from our contributors in the field. Susan Knight and Gretchen Gerrish both work for the University of Wisconsin-Madison’s Center for Limnology at Trout Lake Station. Scott Bowe is the Director of Kemp Natural Resources Station.]]></description>
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<itunes:title>WXPR Field Notes</itunes:title>
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        <item>
    <title>Field Notes: Spring Work Begins!</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[Maple sap flow for maple syrup production occurs during a narrow window in late winter and early spring.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 06:07:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2026-03-10/field-notes-spring-work-begins</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Spring Work Begins!</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Maple sap flow for maple syrup production occurs during a narrow window in late winter and early spring.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Maple sap flow for maple syrup production occurs during a narrow window in late…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Scott Bowe</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>248</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Ten Birds that Changed the World</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[Stephen Moss’ book, “Ten Birds That Changed the World” is a fascinating exploration of ten bird species with remarkable natural histories and often, disastrous interactions with humans.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 13 Jan 2026 06:19:00 -0600</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2026-01-13/field-notes-ten-birds-that-changed-the-world</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Ten Birds that Changed the World</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Stephen Moss’ book, “Ten Birds That Changed the World” is a fascinating exploration of ten bird species with remarkable natural histories and often, disastrous interactions with humans.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Stephen Moss’ book, “Ten Birds That Changed the World” is a fascinating…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Susan Knight</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>303</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Modern maple sap collection</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[Every spring, Kemp Station taps maple trees and produces a few gallons of maple syrup. In March 2026, we are planning a public demonstration project—moving beyond the simple sap buckets and sap bags—to a modern tubing system for gravity-flow sap collection.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 09 Dec 2025 06:09:00 -0600</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-12-09/field-notes-modern-maple-sap-collection</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Modern maple sap collection</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Every spring, Kemp Station taps maple trees and produces a few gallons of maple syrup. In March 2026, we are planning a public demonstration project—moving beyond the simple sap buckets and sap bags—to a modern tubing system for gravity-flow sap collection.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Every spring, Kemp Station taps maple trees and produces a few gallons of maple…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Scott Bowe</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>261</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Rings of Time</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2025/11/field-notes-web-rings-of-time.mp3" length="5830175" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[Many people are aware that trees can be dated by counting the layers of tree rings in a cross section. But, less folks know that fish, snails, mussels, and the teeth of many local mammal species build seasonal growth rings that are used to age individuals.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 11 Nov 2025 07:49:16 -0600</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-11-11/field-notes-rings-of-time</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Rings of Time</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Many people are aware that trees can be dated by counting the layers of tree rings in a cross section. But, less folks know that fish, snails, mussels, and the teeth of many local mammal species build seasonal growth rings that are used to age individuals.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Many people are aware that trees can be dated by counting the layers of tree…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Gretchen Gerrish</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>241</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Horseshoe crabs and health care</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2025/10/horseshoe-crabs-web.mp3" length="6731045" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[Horseshoe crabs are one of the strangest critters ever; they are ancient animals who have been on earth for 450 million years and have scarcely changed in all that time.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 07 Oct 2025 05:49:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-10-07/field-notes-horseshoe-crabs-and-health-care</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Horseshoe crabs and health care</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Horseshoe crabs are one of the strangest critters ever; they are ancient animals who have been on earth for 450 million years and have scarcely changed in all that time.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Horseshoe crabs are one of the strangest critters ever; they are ancient…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Susan Knight</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>279</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Ruffed Grouse in the Northwoods</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses Ruffed Grouse – a hallmark species in the Northwoods.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 09 Sep 2025 06:24:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-09-09/field-notes-ruffed-grouse-in-the-northwoods</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Ruffed Grouse in the Northwoods</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses Ruffed Grouse – a hallmark species in the Northwoods.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Scott Bowe</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>269</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: The Fruits of Summer</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[One of the many wonderful things about summer is the arrival of fresh and tasty local fruits.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 08 Jul 2025 04:21:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-07-08/field-notes-the-fruits-of-summer</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: The Fruits of Summer</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[One of the many wonderful things about summer is the arrival of fresh and tasty local fruits.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[One of the many wonderful things about summer is the arrival of fresh and tasty…]]></itunes:subtitle>

<itunes:duration>311</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Mosquitoes in the Northwoods</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses mosquitoes – a favorite insect of the Northwoods.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2025 04:04:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-06-10/field-notes-mosquitoes-in-the-northwoods</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Mosquitoes in the Northwoods</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses mosquitoes – a favorite insect of the Northwoods.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Scott Bowe</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>308</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Canadian Nightcrawlers: More Than Just Bait</title>
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    <description><![CDATA[While they’re famous among anglers, few people realize that Canadian Nightcrawlers—Lumbricus terrestris—have a fascinating biological story all their own, one that stretches across continents and ecosystems.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 13 May 2025 02:09:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-05-13/canadian-nightcrawlers-more-than-just-bait</link>
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    <itunes:title>Canadian Nightcrawlers: More Than Just Bait</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[While they’re famous among anglers, few people realize that Canadian Nightcrawlers—Lumbricus terrestris—have a fascinating biological story all their own, one that stretches across continents and ecosystems.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[While they’re famous among anglers, few people realize that Canadian…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Gretchen Gerrish</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>244</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Nitrogen Fixation and Bombs</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2025/04/tag-alder-web.mp3" length="7268094" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[Though it may be a nuisance in some situations, tag alder has a magic trick – it can fix nitrogen.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 08 Apr 2025 05:35:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-04-08/field-notes-nitrogen-fixation-and-bombs</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Nitrogen Fixation and Bombs</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Though it may be a nuisance in some situations, tag alder has a magic trick – it can fix nitrogen.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Though it may be a nuisance in some situations, tag alder has a magic trick –…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Susan Knight</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>302</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Frost and Roads</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2025/03/fn-spring-thaw-web.mp3" length="7264583" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses frost and roads – all part of managing our sustainable natural resources.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 11 Mar 2025 05:11:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-03-11/field-notes-frost-and-roads</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Frost and Roads</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses frost and roads – all part of managing our sustainable natural resources.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Scott Bowe</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>302</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Calling a fish a ‘fish’</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2025/02/calling-a-fish-a-fish.mp3" length="5143699" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[‘Fish’ is one of those words, useful in the image it evokes but less reliable as a lineage, clearly defined.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 18 Feb 2025 04:27:00 -0600</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-02-18/field-notes-calling-a-fish-a-fish</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Calling a fish a ‘fish’</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[‘Fish’ is one of those words, useful in the image it evokes but less reliable as a lineage, clearly defined.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[‘Fish’ is one of those words, useful in the image it evokes but less reliable…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Gretchen Gerrish</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>213</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Otters</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2025/01/field-notes-otter-webs.mp3" length="7158065" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[Otters are mustelids and related to other Northwoods mammals including mink and weasels. They were common throughout North America until Europeans overharvested the animals for their warm, dense and beautiful coats.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 14 Jan 2025 13:11:11 -0600</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2025-01-14/field-notes-otters</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Otters</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Otters are mustelids and related to other Northwoods mammals including mink and weasels. They were common throughout North America until Europeans overharvested the animals for their warm, dense and beautiful coats.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Otters are mustelids and related to other Northwoods mammals including mink and…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Susan Knight</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>297</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: The Fish of Vilas County</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2024/12/fish-field-notes-web.mp3" length="6152895" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[In this episode of Field Notes, Lonnie Parry Gillis takes us on an exploration of the fish of Vilas County, Wisconsin—an area blessed with an astounding 1,300 plus lakes.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 10 Dec 2024 14:15:21 -0600</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2024-12-10/field-notes-the-fish-of-vilas-county</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: The Fish of Vilas County</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this episode of Field Notes, Lonnie Parry Gillis takes us on an exploration of the fish of Vilas County, Wisconsin—an area blessed with an astounding 1,300 plus lakes.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[In this episode of Field Notes, Lonnie Parry Gillis takes us on an exploration…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Lonnie Parry Gillis</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>255</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Producers and Consumers</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2024/11/producers-field-notes-web.mp3" length="6803845" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses producers (plants) and consumers (fungi) in the forest world around us.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 12 Nov 2024 05:48:00 -0600</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2024-11-12/field-notes-producers-and-consumers</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Producers and Consumers</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses producers (plants) and consumers (fungi) in the forest world around us.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Scott Bowe</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>283</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Bountiful Blooms in our Water Bodies</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2024/10/blue-green-algae-field-notes-web.mp3" length="8626983" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[Seasonal blooms are common and often monitored in warm and high nutrient lakes throughout southern Wisconsin, but are less commonly reported in lakes up north. This makes it challenging to track and manage across the 1,000s of regional lakes.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Fri, 11 Oct 2024 14:36:43 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2024-10-11/field-notes-bountiful-blooms-in-our-water-bodies</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Bountiful Blooms in our Water Bodies</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Seasonal blooms are common and often monitored in warm and high nutrient lakes throughout southern Wisconsin, but are less commonly reported in lakes up north. This makes it challenging to track and manage across the 1,000s of regional lakes.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Seasonal blooms are common and often monitored in warm and high nutrient lakes…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Gretchen Gerrish</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>359</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Harvesting Ginseng</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2024/09/field-notes-ginseng-web.mp3" length="8140478" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[One of the crops most iconic to our area is ginseng, Panax quinquefolia. Marathon County, just south of Lincoln County is the center of ginseng farming, not just in Wisconsin but it is recognized as the largest source and the best quality of ginseng in the world.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 10 Sep 2024 05:31:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2024-09-10/field-notes-harvesting-ginseng</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Harvesting Ginseng</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[One of the crops most iconic to our area is ginseng, Panax quinquefolia. Marathon County, just south of Lincoln County is the center of ginseng farming, not just in Wisconsin but it is recognized as the largest source and the best quality of ginseng in the world.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[One of the crops most iconic to our area is ginseng, Panax quinquefolia.…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Susan Knight</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>338</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Thermally Modified Wood</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2024/08/field-notes-wood-web.mp3" length="6281711" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses thermally modified wood, a chemical free way to preserve wood for outdoor use.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 13 Aug 2024 03:49:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2024-08-13/field-notes-thermally-modified-wood</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Thermally Modified Wood</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station discusses thermally modified wood, a chemical free way to preserve wood for outdoor use.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[In this month's installment of Field Notes, Scott Bowe of Kemp Station…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Scott Bowe</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>261</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Know your salamanders</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2024/06/salamanders-web.mp3" length="7338077" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[Salamanders, newts and mudpuppies are amphibians, and they are all salamanders, but not all salamanders are newts or mudpuppies.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Thu, 13 Jun 2024 09:01:19 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2024-06-13/field-notes-know-your-salamanders</link>
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    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Know your salamanders</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[Salamanders, newts and mudpuppies are amphibians, and they are all salamanders, but not all salamanders are newts or mudpuppies.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[Salamanders, newts and mudpuppies are amphibians, and they are all salamanders,…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Susan Knight</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>305</itunes:duration>






</item><item>
    <title>Field Notes: Wisconsin Crappies</title>
    <enclosure url="https://cpa.ds.npr.org/s718/audio/2024/05/crappies-web.mp3" length="7617610" type="audio/mpeg"/>
    <description><![CDATA[In Wisconsin, opening fishing applies to certain species of fish such as walleye, trout, largemouth bass, and northern pike. However, this season opener does not apply to panfish, which are open year-round. Panfish include species such as bluegill, crappie, sunfish, and yellow perch.]]></description>
    
    <pubDate>Tue, 14 May 2024 05:38:00 -0500</pubDate>
    <link>https://www.wxpr.org/podcast/field-notes/2024-05-14/field-notes-wisconsin-crappies</link>
    <guid isPermaLink="false">0000018f-6323-d5ae-adef-63e397570000</guid>
    
    <itunes:title>Field Notes: Wisconsin Crappies</itunes:title>
<itunes:summary><![CDATA[In Wisconsin, opening fishing applies to certain species of fish such as walleye, trout, largemouth bass, and northern pike. However, this season opener does not apply to panfish, which are open year-round. Panfish include species such as bluegill, crappie, sunfish, and yellow perch.]]></itunes:summary>
<itunes:subtitle><![CDATA[In Wisconsin, opening fishing applies to certain species of fish such as…]]></itunes:subtitle>
<itunes:author>Scott Bowe</itunes:author>
<itunes:duration>317</itunes:duration>






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